The Daily Mail is considered by many to be problematic. What is the Essay

The Daily Mail is considered by many to be problematic. What is the problem with the Daily Mail and why is it like this - Essay Example It implies that most stories written and read in the news concern of readers in manners that the public does not understand. The media then attracts praise or at times criticism for having influence on reporting issues that have a great influence on the public (Duffy & Rowden 2006, p. 3). The public cannot ignore or overlook the influence of the media has on informing it considering how far apart people live. Everyone should all acknowledge the role of the media in conveying information to readers, globally. A matter of concern about the media relates to the manner in which media frame news articles. A section of the UK population of readers is of the opinion that newspapers are turning proactive through their involvement in finding out issues matters that concern the public. Current trends in the UK are examples of dishonest journalism as practiced by renowned media such as the Daily Mail. This work outlines the influence of newspapers in the way they respond to national topics and issues of concern. It provides a detailed analysis of apparent concerns such as biased reporting by UK’s media, The Daily Mail. There are considerations that The Daily Mail is the most popular newspaper in the UK with about 4.6 million daily readers in the country (Burnel 2012, p. 1). The paper also runs one of the most popular sites in the world (Dacre 2013, p. 4). While it is justified to uphold honest reporting through its publications, The Daily Mail newspaper has a record of biased reporting cases that undermine its popularity and credibility as a source of news. The Daily Mail newspaper is among the most popular newspaper and perhaps the most influential in terms of commanding public opinion. For most of its fans, the Daily Mail is a tool for expressing the old British cultural beliefs as well as a platform for expression of political correctness. The Daily Mail

Police Administration Essay Example for Free

Police Administration Essay In the general concern of police administration, strategic program evaluation is indeed important for the effectiveness of their service and function in the society. Through the thorough evaluation and analysis of their administration and programs, the police organization can understand their processes and strategies in which they can notice their challenges, pitfalls, and problems thus ensuring measures to further develop their performance and service. Another is that through evaluation, the police administration can likewise determine their strengths and advantages, which they can incorporate in their organizational development and further performance plan. Indeed, with the knowledge determined in the administration and program evaluation, the police organization can find effective solutions and strategies for the realization of further development in their function as public servants. However, for the effectiveness of the program evaluation, certain measures must be implemented to achieve the desired results and information accuracy. In this aspect, most evaluations of the police organization programs are conducted by outsiders from the said institutions who mainly represent the public sector which are the primary target of the said program. There are three reasons for this arrangement namely as inclined with humanitarian concern, neutrality view, and the awareness campaign for the fundamental characteristics of the program. Indeed, the dialogue of program evaluation by outsiders counteracting the police institutions is arranged mainly for the intention of achieving effective influence and positive results from the program for the benefit of its target namely the public sector. The arrangement placing outsiders as the evaluators of the programs and strategies of the police organizations is established based on three reasons inclined towards the effectiveness of the police function concern. The first involves humanitarian concern wherein the outside evaluation will be conducted on the perspective of its target sector and the realization of its effects on the public. In the process of outside evaluation, the examiners can thoroughly consider whether the said police program, strategy, or action will be either advantageous or detrimental to their concern. With them conducting the evaluation as the party representing the public interest, they can significantly determined if there are any abusive characteristics or grounds in the program which would be contradictory to the function and responsibility of the police department. Another reason for the said evaluation arrangement is the neutrality pursuit wherein both parties namely the police force and the public sector desire a transparent and unbiased view on the examination. Having an outside party conduct the program evaluation will result to a process free from the political nature and pressure existing inside the police organization. With this arrangement, any bias qualities inside the program can be reduced or even eliminated as both contrasting parties have reviewed and commented on the nature of the said program. The third reason for the said arrangement in police program evaluation lies in the awareness campaign and interest of the police organization. In this concern, the police group must acknowledge the presence and relevance of the public sector representation in terms of information dissemination and awareness. Manifested in the outside party evaluation, a party representing the public must be allowed to investigate and acquire knowledge regarding the program of the police organization. Having been informed of the program’s nature and characteristics, the said party can aid the public in understanding the purpose and relevance of that program thus, gaining the trust, support, and participation of the public sector. Indeed, doing the arrangement of outside party evaluation can effectively aid the interest of the program of manifesting the function of the police organization and benefit the need of the public sector. In the pursuit of achieving effectiveness in the action and performance of the police organization, programs embodying the function of the organization are created as part of their action. In the concern of achieving the beneficial interest from the police performance, the arrangement establishing outside parties to evaluate and examine the performance program of the police organization is created. This approach is developed mainly based on the reasons of humanitarian concern, transparency in the organization’s activities, and the interest of the public for awareness in the presence and activities of the police organization. In general, the development of the said arrangement as part of the procedural activity of the police organization is for the effectiveness of their function and duty of protecting the welfare of the public and promoting peace in the society.

Ownership of Land Memo Example

Ownership of Land Memo Example MEMO From:  Jessica Smith To:  Mary Rhodes Re:  The Daniels Family Planning Permission The case of Price Ors v Leeds City Council [2005] EWCA Civ 289 is distinguishable from the situation of our clients on the basis that in that case it was not disputed that the local authority had title to the occupied land whereas here the Daniels are the owners of the land having purchased it from Norman Guild. However, Price remains significant in that it raises the issue of the operation of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights which enshrines the right to the respect for everyone’s â€Å"private and family life, his home and correspondence† and provides that: â€Å"(2) There shall be no interference by a public authority with the exercise of this right, except such as in accordance with the law and is necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security, public safety or the economic well-being of the country†¦..or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.† While the issue here is not the same as in Price where Article 8 was being raised as a potential defence to a claim for possession which was undeniable on other grounds since the gypsies had not been granted a licence or any other right to occupy, it may be argued that the requirement that the Daniels vacate or be served with an Enforcement Notice restraining their use of the land for residential purposes is a similar infringement of Article 8. Mid-Bedfordshire DC v Thomas Brown Ors [2004] EWCA Civ 1709 turned upon the question of the appropriateness of suspending an injunction requiring land to be vacated for so long as would allow practical compliance but not until determination of a planning application. However, it is of assistance in that it applies the principles established by the House of Lords in South Bucks DC v Porter [2003] 2 AC 558 followed and applied by two decisions of the Court of Appeal in Davis Ors v Tonbridge Malling DC [2004] EWCA Civ 194 and Coates Ors v South Bucks DC [2004] EWCA Civ 1378 and details the competing interests and discretionary principles which a court in deciding whether to grant such an injunction should weigh: the practical problems of enforcement facing the court if an injunction is breached, the council’s position on the planning merits, the possibility that the council might come to a different planning judgment, the planning history of the site, the degree of flagrancy of the breach of planning controls, the availability of suitable alternative sites, the right granted by Article 8 and, of particular significance in this case, humanitarian considerations of health, safety and education in particular, those adversely affecting any children involved. In the light of these criteria, our clients are assisted here by the special needs of Charlene and the health of Michael and Jane particularly in view of the fact that the restricted availability of suitable alternative accommodation will lead to a fragmentation of the family unit with adverse implications for the care of the elderly couple. On these principles it is possible to recommend that our clients obtain an injunction suspending any attempt to remove them pending determination of a planning application by them. The principles to be applied in determining such a planning application are set forth in South Cambridgeshire DC v First Secretary of State McCarthy Ors (2004). In the first instance the planning inspector will be required by s.54A of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 to weight the relevant material considerations against the relevant local development plan and policies. In R (on the application of Evans) v First Secretary of State Anor [2005] EWHC 149. Here Newman J held that as a matter of principle where an application for planning permission was made in respect of greenbelt land (where residential development would ordinarily be presumed against) gypsy status alone could not be determinative of any case. Therefore, our client’s case will have to be considered on its individual merits with the presumption against greenbelt development being weighed against the rights bestowed by Article 8 and a consideration of the availability of alternative accommodation. Given the strength of our clients’ Article 8 rights, the issue of alternative accommodation is likely to be critical. In Robert Simmons v (1) First Secretary of State (2) Sevenoaks DC [2005] EWHC 287 it was common ground that the development of a gypsy site in a greenbelt area was inappropriate. It was held that for such development to be allowed â€Å"very special circumstances† were required to justify it. In that case, the planning inspector allowed a defence to the Enforcement Notice on the basis of a lack of alternative sites. This was challenged by the Secretary of State who was criticised by Newman J for basing his decision upon a lack of evidence of searches for alternatives by the applicant. Thus in the case of our clients there will have to be â€Å"clear evidence† from empirical sources available to the local authority of a lack of alternatives. We should be encouraged by the concession that there is currently only one space available on local authori ty sites in the area but it must be acknowledged that this fact alone will not be conclusive of a complete lack of reasonable alternatives. Our clients’ case is weakened by the fact that residential care or bed and breakfast accommodation is available for Michael and Jane. In Leanne Codona v Mid-Bedfordshire DC [2004] EWCA Civ 925, it was held that a local authority might escape violation of Article 8 by offering bed and breakfast accommodation provided that this was of reasonable quality and duration. If, in addition, the site available to Henry and Sandra allows Charlene to continue to attend William de Ferrers school, the local authority may succeed in refusing planning consent to our clients without violating their Article 8 rights or the other principles governing the grant of permission to gypsies for development on greenbelt land. School Exclusion Assuming that the school from which Dean has been excluded was a maintained school, the School Standards and Framework Act 1998 will apply. Section 64 of the Act allows the head teacher to exclude a pupil for one or more fixed periods up to a maximum of 45 days in any one school year. There is therefore nothing objectionable in principle to an exclusion of 5 days. Since the exclusion does not exceed 5 days, the headmaster is not under the duty imposed by s.65(4) to inform the LEA and the governing body of the exclusion and afford the governor’s the opportunity to consider the exclusion under the procedure laid down in s.66 and Schedule 18 of the Act unless by being so excluded Dean has lost the opportunity to take a public exam. However, such exclusion is subject to s.68 of the Act which requires a head teacher to â€Å"have regard to any guidance given from time to time by the Secretary of Stateâ€Å". This guidance is currently contained in DfES Circular 10/99. Dean’s Head Teacher would appear to be in breach of this guidance. His decision to send Dean home â€Å"on the spot† and failure to inform his parents contravenes paragraph 1 of Annex D of the Circular: â€Å"A head teacher who excludes a pupil should make sure the parent is notified immediately, ideally by telephone, and that the telephone call is followed by a letter within one school day. An exclusion should normally begin on the next school day [emphasis supplied].† Paragraph 6.2 of the Circular states that â€Å"exclusion should not be decided in the heat of the moment unless there is an immediate risk to the safety of others in the school or the pupil concerned†. While Dean’s use of violence is sufficiently serious to warrant exclusion, the head teacher has failed to abide by para.6.3 which requires him to consider â€Å"all the relevant facts and firm evidence†. In particular, he is obliged to â€Å"check whether an incident appeared to be provoked by racial or sexual harassment†. Dean’s parents should have been informed of their right to state their case to the Governing Body’s Discipline Committee. Paragraph 7 of Annex D is ambiguous in Dean’s case. It states that â€Å"if the exclusion is fewer than 5 days† the Discipline Committee cannot direct reinstatement but should consider any statement from the parent; reinstatement is available for exclusions of â€Å"more than 5 days in a term†. Nonetheless, our clients should state their case to the Discipline Committee. Even where reinstatement is not available (which given the duration of the exclusion and the fact that Dean will be back at school before the Committee can be expected to meet) they will be enabled to give their views and the Committee (para.11) can consider whether to add information to Dean’s record (para.16). Thus, even though the â€Å"damage has been done† by the exclusion, the full circumstances of the incident can be explored and Dean’ s record corrected accordingly.

Far From The Madding Crowd :: essays research papers

English Literature Coursework Assignment - Far From The Madding Crowd (Prose written before 1900) ‘Compare and contrast Bathsheba Everdene’s three suitors’ In the novel ‘Far from the Madding Crowd’ the main female role, Bathsheba Everdene, is pursued by three suitors, each of whom is very different from the others. These three men are Farmer William Boldwood, owner of the farm adjacent to Bathsheba’s, Gabriel Oak, bankrupt farmer who becomes Bathsheba’s shepherd, and later, bailiff, and Sergeant Francis Troy, a soldier whose regiment was close by to Weatherbury. Each of the three suitors pursues Bathsheba in a very different style, each of which I will look at in this coursework, but, unfortunately for naïve Bathsheba she fails to choose the best for her, Gabriel Oak, when he becomes her first suitor. Only at the end of the novel does she make the obvious and correct choice. The first character I will look at is Sergeant Francis Troy who came upon Bathsheba one night as she walked along the fir plantation, checking that all was well in the fields and paddocks, although Gabriel Oak had check before her. When Troy had become entangled with her, one of his first questions was ‘Are you a woman?’, to which Bathsheba replied, ‘Yes.’ His immediate reaction was to compliment her by calling her a lady, illustrating his natural tendency to see most young ladies he comes across as merely objects for personal conquest. Flattery is of course his chief weapon in charming and conquering the female heart. One of the main reasons that Bathsheba fell for him in the first place is her own vulnerability to flattery, as she is such a vain young lady. From this point on, on the occasions that he meets her, he continues to remark on how beautiful see looks, concentrating on praising her appearance. His first attempt at courtship was filled with nothin g more than these praises as he quickly wormed his way into Bathsheba’s heart. His impressive skills at swordmanship astonished Bathsheba, as shown in the hollow among the ferns when she realised how sharp his sword really was as he manoeuvred it around her, and she suddenly found herself falling deeper and deeper in love with him. There are a number of things which had attracted her to Troy, the most principal being the constant flattery and praise of her beauty. His sword skills in particular excited her and were a wonder, something totally different from the mundane ways of country life which surrounded her at present.

School Paper

University of Asia and the Pacific Pearl drive, Ortigas Divorce Bill An argumentative paper Submitted as partial fulfillment For the course requirements in English 102 Submitted to: Ms. Judy Tanael 10/8/2012 Is Divorce really necessary? According to the Compendium of the Catholic Church, the Sacrament of Marriage means that couples would establish a marital and exclusive bond between them (Ratzinger, 2005). This bond can never be broken unless the marriage is null or declared by an ecclesiastical authority that they be separated (Ratzinger, 2005).Coming from God’s Law, a marriage must not be destroyed because of the bond that is eternally established (Ratzinger, 2005). The Philippines, on the other hand, known for its being a religious country, generally, believes in God. Therefore, it would be bizarre for Catholic’s to accept the promulgation this bill. Despite the religious notion, divorce has several effects on children, family and the society itself. Not only does d ivorce create dispute in the family, it is possible that it be inclined to crimes that would be discussed further.The purpose of this paper is for the reader to determine whether or not this bill must be implemented or not. This paper intends to defend the author’s stand by providing reasonable arguments for the counter arguments. There are many reasons why the Philippines should not have a divorce law. Although it would be impossible to state them all, this paper intends to discuss the major ones. According to the H. B. 1799, this bill proposes the protection and fundamental equality of men and women (Ilagan & De Jesus, 2010).Proponents of the bill propose is a means to deal with domestic problems such as marital abuse, violence, and possibly psychological incapacities (Ilagan & De Jesus, 2010). Does it really protect and safeguard equality for men and women in any way? This paper suggests that this bill does little to protect the future economic well-being of dependent spou ses, which tend to be female. Divorce will not protect men, women or even the children for that matter. Is it really a solution for marital conflicts?It is true that divorce can be a medicine for these reasons but think of it as a medicine that is not recommended. Why? If a couple resort to divorce because maybe of an abusive spouse, do you think that the abusive spouse wouldn’t repeat what he did with his former spouse? And when he does, what do you suggest would happen? I think a divorce remedy could come in handy. What I am trying to say here is that, marriages and marital conflicts could be fixed. Abuse, violence and psychological incapacities are problems that can easily be cured.How? By fearing God and teaching morality. If we fear God and know what morality really means, then none of these would have happened in the first place. As what God said, â€Å"Wives, submit to your husbands. Husbands, love your wife as you love yourselves†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Ephesians 5:22-33). Th is is where you gain happiness and fullness of marital life and your family. Divorce leads to long-term negative effects on the family. It affects every member of the family nucleus, and when there are children involved they are the most affected of all.Children from divorced families are more likely to suffer from psychological difficulties than those of intact families (Portnoy, 2008). These problems include but are not limited to misconduct, poor academic performance, and earlier than usual sexual activity (Portnoy, 2008). In addition, divorce leads to long-term negative effects on the family. It can lead to several problems that could affect not only the spouses but also, most especially, their children.Studies suggest that there are long-term effects on the children’s psychological adjustment that could affect their future relationships, symptoms such as anxiety, depression, conduct problems, academic performance, relationships, distress and subjective well-being can dev elop throughout time for children that are involved in divorce families (Stroksen, Roysamb, Holmen, & Tambs, 2006). Studies show that children of divorce are inclined to experience psychological difficulties than children from intact or complete families, and those effects are probably to continue into adulthood (Stroksen, Roysamb, Holmen, amp; Tambs, 2006). Conduct problems are likely to take place in this situation. Among the numerous reactions and effects of children in divorce families, conduct disorders, antisocial behaviors, and difficulty with authorities produce the largest notorious outcomes. According to a study, they are two or three times more likely to engage in adolescent delinquency than their friends from intact families, it was said that there is a higher incidence of conduct problems in boys than in girls (Stroksen, Roysamb, Holmen, & Tambs, 2006).Adolescent children from a divorce family are also more likely to drink alcohol frequently and use prohibited drugs tha n children from a complete family (Stroksen, Roysamb, Holmen, & Tambs, 2006). In conclusion, divorce of one’s parents greatly impacts and disrupts the lives of these children. The psychological, emotional, and behavioral reactions results to years of distress or disorder which is likely to extend into adulthood, affecting even their romantic relationships.Although the majority of children of divorce recover substantially after some years, that recovery does not vanish those years of significant adjustment difficulty, nor is it complete enough to leave these people unharmed (Stroksen, Roysamb, Holmen, & Tambs, 2006). On the other hand, offspring, especially adults, of divorced families tend to adopt a less positive reaction toward marriage and associate marital conflict with current relationship with a negative point of view (Portnoy, 2008).A study conducted by the Florida State University (2010), â€Å"using a sample of two hundred and eighty five adolescents, structural equ ation modeling supported the hypothesis that parental divorce and marital conflict were independently associated with young adult children’s romantic relationships through different mechanisms: Parental divorce was associated with young adults’ low level of relationship quality through a negative attitude toward marriage (positive attitude toward divorce) and lack of commitment to their own current relationships.However, marital conflict was associated with young adults’ low level of relationship quality through their conflict behavior with their partner† (Cui & Fincham, 2010, p. 331). These effects can be long lasting, leading to other symptoms such as anxiety and depression. Divorce would unnecessarily subject children to this type of emotional distress. Furthermore, as children develop into adolescents and eventually adults, they tend to adopt social behaviors that they see in their parents.Hence, they are inclined to develop their attitude towards roma ntic relationships and marriage from their observations of that of their parents (Cui & Fincham, 2010). Cui and Fincham (2010) stated that there is an inverse correlation between parental divorce and attitude towards marriage, as well as commitment to relationships. This suggests the possibility that divorce can breed more divorce. Furthermore, there are certain effects of divorce on Women's Health that could affect their psychological adjustment as well.Studies show that women develop psychological distress after experiencing divorce. In addition, women tend to experience high level of depressive symptoms which can lead to physical and mental health problems (Lorenz, Wickrama, Conger, ; Jr. , 2006). Economically speaking, divorce has a detrimental effect on the spouse that was not gainfully employed and therefore was financially dependent during the marriage (Ananat ; Michaels, 2007). In part, this is due to what is called economies of scale. Married couples share economic and soci al resources during their marriage (Waite, 1995).Since many of the costs incurred in maintaining a family household are fixed, the combined economic well-being of a married will be necessarily be better when compared to that of divorced individuals. This has far greater consequences for women than men given that women are more likely dependent on their husband’s income during marriage. Research estimates that after divorce women experience a decline in income of between 23% and 73% (Beller ; Graham, 1985). The bill does provide some post-divorce support for the dependent spouse.This support is only required until the dependent spouse finds â€Å"adequate employment†, but it is not to exceed one year in duration (Ilagan ; De Jesus, 2010). However, the ambiguity in the language of the bill when it refers to the employment requirement to be â€Å"adequate†, coupled with the time limitation on the spousal support makes this provision inadequate, as it fails to prote ct the post-divorce economic well-being of the dependent spouse. Divorce is a major societal concern, and society does not escape the devastating effects.The social effects of divorce are very well documented. Research suggests that there is a positive correlation between divorce and crime (Wong, 2011). Wong (2011) argues that children from single-parent and divorced families have a higher predisposition towards criminal activity than those from intact families. Other studies suggest that adult males are less likely to commit crimes when they are married (Scafidi, 2008). There are several reasons that could be discussed on how family disruption, because of divorce, can be positively correlated to crime.Due to minimal supervision of parent/s and lack of parental guidance, their child could possibly be influenced or inclined to crime. Research suggests there is a positive correlation between divorce and crime. According to a British Crime Survey in 1982, it was measured that family di sruption as a combined index of marital separation, divorce, and single-parenthood, and they found that family disruption amplified the rates of robbery, stranger violence, burglary, auto-theft, and theft/vandalism (Wong, 2011).Aside from the stated reasons, there are also certain effects on social disorganization because of family disruption. According to Wong’s (2011) social disorganization theory, the theoretical model here claims that poverty, mobility, and heterogeneity increase the prospect of divorce, single-parenthood, and crime (Wong, 2011). Focusing on low income and unemployed males may reduce the number of marriageable males and escalate the likelihood of family disruption (Wong, 2011).Concerning the influence of poverty on crime, poverty depletes the community's resources, reduces its capacity to meet its members’ basic needs, and reduces its ability to monitor and control criminal activities, therefore eventually causing crime and delinquency to increase (Wong, 2011). Aside from the already mentioned â€Å"social costs†, divorce imposes an economic burden on society as well. The direct costs to the government include all divorce court related expenditures.This includes not only the cost of the judge, but also that of his staff and other employees, utilities costs, records costs, along with other expenditures (Schramm, 2006). When calculating these costs we must not only take into consideration the costs of the divorce proceeding itself, but also other related proceeding, such as those for alimony, child support, and child custody (Schramm, 2006). The higher crime rates associated with family fragmentation increase the costs of the criminal justice system (Scafidi, 2008). This includes the costs to law enforcement, prosecution, the judiciary, and corrections.Scafidi (2008) found that approximately 24% of is caused by family fragmentation. The cost of investigating and prosecuting these crimes amounts to almost ? 800 billion (S cafidi, 2008). Other costs include those associated with loss of productivity, foregone tax revenues, assistance to fragmented family who fall under the poverty line, and increased health expenditures to deal with psychological effects, just to name a few (Scafidi, 2008). In countries like the United States, to total costs associated with divorce and fragmented families exceeds $100 billion every year (Scafidi, 2008).There is probably no completely accurate or even scientific approach for determining the economic impact to couples, comminutes, and even society as a whole. From what we can calculate, the empirical data suggest that the costs are substantial (Scafidi, 2008). These costs are real and someone must pay the price. Schramm (2006) suggests that these costs are absorbed by individuals, as well as communities, and governments. The Philippines is a mostly Christian nation with a substantial Catholic community.As the religion of the majority of Filipinos, the point of view of t he Church should not be overlooked. From the Catholic Bishop Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) to Pope Benedict XVI himself, the Church has been very vocal and adamantly opposed to this bill. In a letter from His Holiness addressing the CBCP, the Pope instructed the bishops to continue their pursuit in defense of the â€Å"sacredness of marriage and of the family† (Aquino, 2011). Jo Imbong, legal counsel for the CBCP, even expressed the Church’s position claiming the legislation is unconstitutional (Alvarez, 2011).Article XV of the 1987 Constitution describes marriage as an â€Å"inviolable social institution† (Constitutional Commission, 1986). Those who oppose their position say that divorce is not only constitutional, but it promotes public policy as well (Gloria, 2007). Gloria (2007) suggest that the bill embodies the spirit of the constitution by promoting the sanctity of the family, dignity of human life, the protection of the youth, and equality among m en and women. On the other hand, divorce gives a wider path for immorality and infidelity. In my opinion, morality in the contemporary is fleeing.It is neither commonly discussed nor practiced anymore in this country except for religious sectors. I could cite several incidents regarding the immorality of Filipinos but it would be off topic. Nevertheless, The Philippines have a low moral degradation and this is the reason why these proponents with regard to divorce advocate unreasonable solution for certain problems. Didn’t we learn from the United States? Did the statistics of violence against women drop when the divorce law was implemented? According to the National Violence Against Women Survey (NVAWS) about 1. million women are physically abused and/or raped by their husband yearly (MINCAVA, 2010). On the worse part, in 2000, 1,247 women were killed by their husbands, while 440 men were killed by their wives (MINCAVA, 2010). More or less these domesticated incidents are in evitable, they are ought to happen because let us face it the absence of goodness keeps taking place. What I am coming to is that, physical abuse, rape and even murder happen annually regardless of the divorce law. Divorce is just another way for couples to resort because that’s what the government wants; they want us to depend on them.We are often too dependent that we forget about problem solving and thinking critically. We talk much about the positive effects that we can get from the divorce law, whereas obviously the negative effects far outweigh the positive. References Alvarez, K. (2011, June 2). Divorce bill ‘unconstitutional'. Retrieved September 19, 2012, from Sun Star Manila: http://www. sunstar. com. ph/manila/local-news/2011/06/02/divorce-bill-unconstitutional-158847 Ananat, E. O. , & Michaels, G. (2007, April). The Effect of Marital Breakup on the Income Distribution.CEP Discussion Paper No 787. London: Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Econ omics. Aquino, L. G. (2011, July 9). Pope: No to RH, divorce. Retrieved September 19, 2012, from The Manila Bulletin: http://www. mb. com. ph/node/326152/pope-no-rh-divorce Beller, A. H. , & Graham, J. W. (1985). Variations in the Economic Well-Being of Divorced Women and Their Children: The Role of Child Support Income. In M. David, & T. Smeeding, Horizontal Equity, Uncertainty, and Economic Well-Being (pp. 471-510). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Constitutional Commission. (1986, October 15). The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Quezon City: Constitutional Commission of 1986. Cui, M. , & Fincham, F. D. (2010). The differential effects of parental divorce and marital conflict on young adult romantic relationships. Journal of the International Association for Relationship Research(17), 331-343. Gloria, C. K. (2007). Who Needs Divorce in the Philippines? Mindanao Law Journal, 18-28. Ilagan, L. C. , & De Jesus, E. A. (2010, July 27). House Bill No. 1799. An Act Introducing Divorce In The

Public Health Promotion Strategy

Public Health Promotion Strategy of Lhuntse Introduction Public health is the first priority of a nation as health is the chief priority to man. According to the American Public Health Association, APHA(2001), public health as the practice of preventing diseases and promoting good health within groups of people from small communities to entire countries. The functions of public health include preventing epidemics, monitoring health status of the population, developing policies and laws to protect health, providing health care services at all costs and all activities related to benefiting public and their health.Bhutan, within the confines of China in the north and India in the south, was a late bloomer in to development. Now, 90% of the population has access to basic health care services delivered through a network of 29 hospitals, 176 Basic Health Units and 541 outreach clinics. Of the twenty Dzongkhags or districts in Bhutan, Lhuentse dzongkhag is one of the least developed with ei ght gewogs. â€Å"Most of the villages are still in accessible with lack of roads and electricity. one hospital, 11 Basic Health Units and 31 Outreach clinics render public health services in the dzongkhag.About 50% of the households have access to piped drinking water supply. †(Ninth five year plan, Bhutan, n. d). This paper plans to focus on studying the public health sector scenario in the particular dzongkhag and improving it. Purpose of the action plan Purpose of the action plan is to promote various factors such as followings †¢To improve maternal health care, it is very essential to provide healthy manner of health services to improve maternal health care to make pregnancy safe. Mother’s education, Mother’s education is the basic knowledge of parenting. †¢To Improvement in food supply and sanitation, improvements in food supply and sanitation will lead to increase life spans and reduce disease. Initiatives taken by the health services such as cl ean drinking water supply and hygiene directly help in improvement in food supply and sanitation. †¢ To Reduce in Poverty, to make reduction in poverty line . To Change living standard, with the development taking place in the country, living standard of the people has been rapidly changed.Public health Issues and Concerns †¢Lhuentse Dzongkhags has the concern over the issues related to public health as follows; †¢As the morbidity among the children under five year of age and all pregnant women and women in child bearing age was accounted to , Male-767 and Female-642. (PHCB, pg. 191). †¢The number of deliveries of the new born babies attended by health professionals was – 90 pregnant women, whereas, the number of deliverie not attended was recorded to -231 cases as noted in (PHCB, pg. 04). †¢According to PHCB, 2005,The Dzongkhag has also noted the increase in the number of disables that was numbered to 990 people and most were disabled to seeing that was recorded to-327 people. (PHCB,pg. 211) †¢Most of the people in the Dzongkhag had limited access to safe drinking water with the account of 253 households having piped water within house and 2377 households having piped water outside house. (PHCB, pg. 222) 5.The people in the Dzongkhag had limited acces to basic health facility of proper toilet. As, 2143 households had the accessibility to pit latrine and 423 households had no latrines at all (PHCB, pg. 241). The issues also includes, †¢Maternal and child health †¢The lack of nutrition in the diet leading to malnutrition †¢Outbreak of infectious diseases †¢The high alcohol consumption leading to increase in alcohol related diseases (Liver cirrhosis). Public Health Promotion StrategyTheir strategies put emphasis on improvement ofquality of services, development of human and institutional capacity, and decentralization with focus on rural access. 1. Enhance the quality of health services To improve the qual ity of services and further consolidate the infrastructure. Standardization and quality assurance, focusing on diagnostic and healing aspects, and use of appropriate technology. 2. To reach the inaccessible population There are still population groups who are not reached satisfactorily by the health services.Taking into account all of the problems and factors, Out Reach Clinics (ORCs) have been constructed and organized. 3. Strengthen traditional medicine system The traditional medicine system is being strengthened with the emphasis on human resource development through the Institute of Traditional Medicine. This has also been included in the ordinary health services at the hospital. The capacity and productivity of the Pharmaceutical Units have been increased.